Sattva, rajas and tamas — these are the gunas born of nature. O mighty-armed one, they bind the imperishable embodied self within the body.
Explanation
Krishna begins explaining the three qualities (guṇa) of nature (prakṛti): clarity or goodness (sattva), passion or activity (rajas), and inertia or darkness (tamas). He says they arise from nature, not from the self, yet they bind the changeless embodied self (dehin) to the body. Traditions differ on how real this binding is: some Vedanta readings see it as only apparent, others as a real condition of embodied life.