O Janardana, if you consider understanding to be better than action, then why, O Keshava, do you urge me to take up this dreadful action?
Explanation
Arjuna speaks here, puzzled by Krishna's teaching at the end of Chapter 2, where Krishna praised steady wisdom (buddhi) and also urged Arjuna to fight. Arjuna sees a conflict: if wisdom is higher than action (karma), why push him into a terrible war? Here buddhi can mean discerning understanding or the yoga of wisdom, and commentators differ on how sharply Arjuna separates knowledge from action.