एवं सततयुक्ता ये भक्तास्त्वां पर्युपासते ।येचाप्यक्षरमव्यक्तं तेषां के योगवित्तमाः ॥
evaṃ satatayuktā ye bhaktāstvāṃ paryupāsate |yecāpyakṣaramavyaktaṃ teṣāṃ ke yogavittamāḥ ||
Those devotees who, ever steadfast in this way, worship you, and those who worship the imperishable, the unmanifest — which of these know yoga best?
Explanation
Arjuna asks Krishna, after the vision of the universal form in chapter 11, which kind of seeker is more accomplished in yoga (spiritual discipline): devotees who worship Krishna as a personal God, or those who meditate on the imperishable (akṣara), unmanifest (avyakta) absolute. The question sets up Krishna's reply in the following verses. Traditions differ on how they weigh the two paths, with devotional schools stressing the personal form and non-dual schools often stressing the formless Brahman.